Pregnancy sparks numerous bodily changes, but one skin issue stands out for its prevalence and impact. Dr. Kunal Sood, Double Board Certified MD, recently highlighted melasma, a common skin condition affecting up to 70% of pregnant women. In an Instagram video that has garnered widespread attention. This revelation comes amid growing discussions on pregnancy-related health.
Melasma emerges as light brown, dark brown, or blue-grey patches on the skin, often resembling flat patches or freckle-like spots. Dr. Sood directly addresses this in his video: "It's not unusual to notice new freckles or darker patches on your skin during pregnancy. If you do, it's often melasma, a common condition affecting up to 70% of pregnant women."
The condition primarily targets the face, including the cheeks, upper lip, and forehead, but can extend to areas like the forearms, chest, or underarms. According to the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), nearly all women experience some hyperpigmentation during pregnancy, with melasma being particularly troublesome cosmetically. It occurs in up to 70% of pregnant women and may also affect those on oral contraceptives.
Hormonal shifts drive melasma's onset. Dr. Sood explains: "Melasma is caused by elevated estrogen and progesterone levels during pregnancy, which stimulate melanocyte-stimulating hormone and increases melanin production." These elevated levels activate melanocytes, boosting melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color.
The AAFP notes that normal hormone changes during pregnancy lead to benign conditions like hyperpigmentation, with melasma worsening under sunlight or ultraviolet radiation. Women with medium to darker skin tones notice it more prominently, and it often intensifies in the second half of pregnancy. Factors such as family history, multiple gestations, or preexisting skin conditions can heighten the risk.
Melasma frequently surfaces in the second or third trimester, as seen in Dr. Sood's video where a woman displayed affected forearms. While global statistics vary, the condition affects pregnant women worldwide, with higher visibility in regions like India due to diverse skin tones. The AAFP reports it in up to 70% of cases, aligning with Dr. Sood's September 10, 2025, Instagram post.
In the U.S., intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a related pruritic condition which occurs in one out of 146 to 1,293 pregnancies, but melasma itself remains benign and widespread. Dr. Sood's video, shared on Instagram, reached audiences globally, emphasizing its timeliness amid rising awareness on September 10, 2025.
Pregnant women, especially those in their first pregnancy or with darker complexions, face higher odds. Dr. Sood states: "Melasma is harmless, but it can be more noticeable in people with medium to darker skin tones."
No adverse fetal effects link directly to melasma, per the AAFP, unlike conditions like intrahepatic cholestasis, which risks premature delivery. However, melasma can cause self-consciousness, prompting many to seek management strategies.
Dr. Sood advises proactive steps: "Daily sunscreen, even indoors, can help keep it from worsening, since UV exposure can make it more persistent." The American Academy of Dermatology recommends high-potency, broad-spectrum sunscreens (SPF 30 or higher) with iron oxide, plus sun-protective gear like hats and sunglasses. Avoid tanning beds, sunlamps, and irritating products to prevent aggravation.
Post-delivery, melasma often fades naturally. Dr. Sood adds: "In many cases, it fades after delivery, but if it lingers, gentle treatments may be an option later on, with guidance from a healthcare provider." The AAFP suggests postpartum options like topical tretinoin, hydroquinone, and corticosteroids for severe cases, but stresses consulting specialists.
For broader context, the AAFP categorizes pregnancy skin issues into hormone-related (like melasma), preexisting, and specific dermatoses. Treatments remain symptomatic, with most resolving after birth.
Note: This content is purely informational and isn’t medical guidance. It shouldn’t replace professional medical counsel. Always consult your physician regarding treatment risks and benefits.
(Rh/Eth/VK/MSM)