Bumble, Tinder or Hinge – they’re the fast-paced, image-driven dating platforms millions rely on to find everything from love to a late-night fling. But new Adelaide University research suggests they may also be undermining how young adults see their bodies.
Published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships1, the study surveyed 118 young adults aged 18-34, who spent an average of 44 minutes a day swiping, matching and messaging. Nearly three-quarters used multiple apps, with Hinge being the most popular.
Researchers found a clear gender divide in how dating apps shape self-perception.
For women, body confidence was closely tied to validation and perceived ‘success’ on the apps, such as matches and messages. This left them more vulnerable to appearance-based rejection and more accepting of appearance-modifying behaviours, including cosmetic surgery and unhealthy weight-control practices such as diet pills, vomiting and laxatives.
For men, body image was influenced less by validation and more by how frequently and intensely they used the platforms, with heavier use linked to increased appearance-related pressure.
Lead researcher Georgia Cuthill said dating apps act like a mirror for self-perception, but often in damaging ways.
“Dating apps aren’t just changing how we meet people; they’re changing how we see ourselves.”
Cuthill
“Because they deliver constant appearance-based feedback, particularly for women, this superficial evaluation can begin shaping how users feel about their bodies.”
“This feedback loop of swipes, matches and messages can create a false sense of success. While this may initially feel validating, it can also reinforce narrow beauty standards and gradually wear away body confidence.
“Men face less pressure to meet strict beauty standards, but heavy app use exposes them to more rejection, which can negatively affect self-esteem.”
Cuthill said that while dating apps offer a convenient way to meet people, they also amplify appearance-focused environments built around curated, idealised images.
“Body dissatisfaction arises when there’s a gap between how you see your current body and how you wish you looked – and dating apps can widen that gap.”
Globally, more than 350 million people use dating apps, with growth expected to exceed 450 million in the coming years3.
Co-researcher Dr John Mingoia said the broader health impacts could be significant if unhealthy body image and constant self-comparison continue unchecked.
“We know these patterns heighten the risk of anxiety, depression, disordered eating and long-term body-image disturbance.
“With online dating now embedded in young adults’ daily lives, recognising how easily these platforms can fuel appearance pressures has never been more important.”
Dr Mingoia said the findings highlight the need for media literacy initiatives – similar to those developed for platforms such as Instagram and TikTok – to help users navigate appearance-driven environments more safely.
“Basing self-worth on appearance can create a cycle where validation is constantly sought but rarely feels sufficient,” Dr Mingoia said.
This research was conducted by a team of researchers including Georgia Cuthill, Dr John Mingoia, Lauren Conboy and Dr Brianna Le Busque.
References:
1) https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075251409556
2) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969698923002564
(Newswise/HG)
