A cosmetic treatment popularly referred to as the “salmon sperm facial” or fish sperm facial has recently gained global attention, moving from niche aesthetic clinics to mainstream beauty discussions. Despite its provocative name, the procedure does not involve the direct application of fish sperm, but instead uses purified DNA fragments known as polynucleotides or polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), derived primarily from salmon species. Originally explored in regenerative medicine for wound healing and tissue repair, these compounds are now being used in dermatology for skin rejuvenation, hydration, and repair.
A salmon sperm facial is a cosmetic skin-rejuvenation treatment based on polynucleotides DNA fragments primarily derived from the sperm of salmon species such as chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) or salmon trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
The term is somewhat misleading: practitioners do not apply raw sperm to the skin. Instead, purified components of salmon DNA.
In dermatology clinics, the treatment may be delivered with microneedling, ultrasound, or direct injection to enhance penetration. Some products with similar ingredients are also marketed as topical serums or masks.
PDRN and polynucleotide treatments may have bio-stimulatory effects on skin cells:
Stimulating Fibroblasts: Polynucleotides may encourage fibroblast activity, promoting the growth of collagen and elastin, proteins linked to firmness and elasticity.
Hydration and Healing: DNA fragments may enhance moisture retention and support tissue repair, potent
Anti-Inflammatory Properties: Some formulations are thought to reduce inflammation and support recovery after other cosmetic procedures.
These mechanisms are rooted in the idea that fragments of DNA can interact with skin cells, signalling repair pathways and improving cell turnover.
Improved collagen and elastin production may lead to firmer, plumper skin.
Enhanced hydration and a glowing complexion are commonly claimed outcomes.
Reduction in fine lines and improved texture has been reported by users and clinicians.
Post-treatment healing support after microneedling or other procedures.
Some users report visible effects such as firmer, more luminous skin after multiple sessions.
The treatment has gained attention in parts of Asia for years and spread to Western markets, seen in celebrities’ beauty routines and fashion coverage.
While small clinical studies have linked polynucleotide formulations to improvements in elasticity and hydration when combined with other ingredients, the scientific evidence remains limited:
Many studies involve small sample sizes and short follow-up periods.
Research often combines PDRN with other agents like hyaluronic acid, making it hard to isolate effects.
Large, long-term, controlled clinical trials that clearly demonstrate safety and efficacy in broad populations are not yet available.
Leading dermatologists and aesthetic providers advise that while early findings are promising, more rigorous research is needed before definitive clinical conclusions can be drawn.
Microneedling + PDRN: A common approach uses microneedling to enhance absorption of topical polynucleotide serums.
Injectable PDRN: Some clinics directly inject polynucleotide formulations into the dermis for deeper effects.
Topical Products: Lower-concentration PDRN creams and serums are available for at-home use.
Sessions typically last 20–60 minutes, and several treatments spaced weeks apart are often recommended.
Redness, swelling, or mild bruising are reported, especially with injections or microneedling.
Temporary discomfort or minor irritation may occur.
People with fish or seafood allergies may have heightened risk of reactions.
In darker skin tones, injectables can carry a small risk of hyperpigmentation or scarring if not performed properly.
Injectable forms of polynucleotide treatments are not broadly approved by regulatory bodies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and their long-term safety profile is not well defined.
Larger clinical studies are needed to clarify lasting effects and rare adverse events.
Some critics note ethical or animal-welfare concerns about the sourcing of salmon derivatives, though purification and processing are intended to isolate only DNA fragments for use
Unlike traditional fillers (which add volume) or Botox (which temporarily relaxes muscles), polynucleotide treatments aim to stimulate the skin’s own repair mechanisms rather than directly altering structure.
Salmon sperm facials, better described as polynucleotide or PDRN treatments, are part of a larger trend in biotech-inspired skincare, showing promise for skin repair, hydration, and anti-aging. Early research and clinician reports suggest potential benefits, but scientific evidence is still emerging and there are known risks associated with injections and fish-derived ingredients.
Consumers considering these treatments should consult licensed dermatologists or plastic surgeons, understand the lack of long-term data, and factor in personal allergy profiles before proceeding.
Cavallini, Marco, Stefano Papagni, Pierluigi Spallone, and Paolo Giudice. “A Literature Review on Polynucleotide Efficacy on Skin Rejuvenation and Review of the Regulatory Status and Guidelines Around Polynucleotides.” Journal of Aesthetic Nursing 13, no. 2 (2024): 74–82. https://www.aestheticnursing.co.uk/content/clinical/a-literature-review-on-polynucleotide-efficacy-on-skin-rejuvenation-and-review-of-the-regulatory-status-and-guidelines-around-polynucleotides.
Kim, Ji-Won, Hye-Jin Park, Min-Seok Lee, and Sung-Ho Lee. “Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Polynucleotides for Skin Rejuvenation: A Systematic Review.” Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39645667/.
