For the first time since 2019, New York has confirmed a locally acquired case of chikungunya virus, marking a significant development in public health monitoring. This case, identified in Nassau County on Long Island, is the first of its kind in the United States in six years.
The patient, who began experiencing symptoms in August, had not recently traveled abroad, raising concerns about local mosquito-borne transmission.
Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted to humans primarily through the bites of infected mosquitoes, notably Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Characterized by sudden onset of fever and debilitating joint pain, other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, and rash. While most individuals recover within a week, joint pain can persist for months, leading to long-term discomfort.
Fever: Sudden onset, often high-grade.
Joint Pain: Severe and debilitating, commonly affecting wrists, fingers, ankles, and knees.
Joint Swelling: Inflammation in affected joints.
Headache: Persistent and often intense.
Muscle Pain: Generalized discomfort.
Rash: Maculopapular rash, typically appearing on the face and trunk.
These symptoms usually manifest 3–7 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. While the acute phase lasts up to 10 days, joint pain may persist for weeks to months.
Health officials have not detected the virus in local mosquito populations, and the exact mode of transmission remains unclear. However, the presence of Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in parts of New York suggests a potential risk for local transmission.
The case of Chikungunya has been verified by the Wadsworth Center, according to State Health Commissioner Dr. James McDonald. He noted that, with colder nighttime temperatures, the immediate risk of transmission in the state remains very low.
Rest and Hydration: Adequate rest and fluid intake are essential to support the body's immune response and prevent dehydration.
Pain and Fever Management: Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen (paracetamol) are recommended to reduce fever and alleviate pain. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided until dengue fever is ruled out, due to the risk of bleeding.
Physical Therapy: For individuals experiencing persistent joint pain, physical therapy may help improve mobility and reduce discomfort.
Two chikungunya vaccines have been approved for use in the United States:
IXCHIQ: A live-attenuated vaccine recommended for adults aged 18 years and older traveling to areas with chikungunya outbreaks. It is administered as a single dose.
VIMKUNYA: A virus-like particle vaccine approved for individuals aged 12 years and older. It is also recommended for travelers and laboratory workers at risk of exposure.
Vaccination is particularly advised for travelers to regions with ongoing chikungunya outbreaks.
What is chikungunya?
Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted primarily through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. It causes sudden fever, severe joint pain, headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, and rash.
How is chikungunya transmitted?
The virus spreads to humans via mosquito bites. Local transmission can occur when infected mosquitoes bite people in areas where the virus is present.
How can chikungunya be prevented?
Preventive measures include using mosquito repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, eliminating standing water, and ensuring window and door screens are intact.
Reference:
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Chikungunya Virus: About Chikungunya.” Last modified September 3, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/chikungunya/about/index.html.
(Rh/Eth/ARC/MSM)
